Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Zileuton protects against arachidonic acid/5-lipoxygenase/leukotriene axis-mediated neuroinflammation in experimental traumatic brain injury

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1516836

Figure Lengend Snippet: Zileuton reduced TBI-induced brain damage and neurological deficits. (A) Leukotriene B4 levels in brain tissue were measured in sham, TBI, and zileuton-treated mice at 3 days after TBI (n = 6 for each group, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01). (B) Representative cresyl violet-stained brain sections from the vehicle- and zileuton-treated groups at 7 days after TBI. Lesions are outlined in yellow (scale bar = 10 μm). (C) Lesion volume was quantified and reported as mean ± SEM. (D) Representative IgG immunostaining of brain sections from vehicle- and zileuton-treated groups at 3 days after TBI (scale bar = 10 μm). (E) Quantification of fluorescence intensity for IgG extravasation in vehicle- and zileuton-treated groups 3 days after TBI (n = 6 for each group, * p < 0.05). (F) Rotarod test in vehicle- and zileuton-treated groups at 7 days after TBI (n = 6–8 mice/group) (G) Fear conditioning test; percentage of freezing time during the 5-minute test at 7 days after TBI (n = 6–8 mice/group, * p < 0.05).

Article Snippet: LTB4 (s42020826, Absin), LTE4 (ab141690, Abcam), RSL3 (HY-100218A, MedChemExpress, MCE) and Erastin (HY-15763, MCE) were purchased commercially.

Techniques: Staining, Immunostaining, Fluorescence

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Zileuton protects against arachidonic acid/5-lipoxygenase/leukotriene axis-mediated neuroinflammation in experimental traumatic brain injury

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1516836

Figure Lengend Snippet: Leukotrienes (LTs) induced inflammatory pathway activation in BV2 microglial cells. (A) Representative dose-dependent and (B) time-dependent Western blot results for NF-κB p65, phospho-NF-κB p65, phospho-Erk1/2, and Erk1/2 expression in LTB4-treated BV2. (C) Representative Western blot results for NF-κB p65, phospho-NF-κB p65, phospho-Erk1/2, Erk1/2 Akt, phospho-Akt at T308, and phospho-Akt at S473 in LTE4-treated BV2. (D) Proposed model of the suppression of TBI-induced microglial activation, cytokine release, brain damage, and neurobehavioral deficits by zileuton through the inhibition of LT release.

Article Snippet: LTB4 (s42020826, Absin), LTE4 (ab141690, Abcam), RSL3 (HY-100218A, MedChemExpress, MCE) and Erastin (HY-15763, MCE) were purchased commercially.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Western Blot, Expressing, Inhibition

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Metabolomics combined with molecular docking and dynamics simulation to investigate the mechanism of action of Fibraurea recisa Pierre in the treatment of chronic urticaria

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1571819

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Immunohistochemical images of mast cells, MCT, and EPX in rats of each group. The effects of FRP on (B) the number of mast cells, (C) the expression of MCT, and (D) the expression of EPX in rats. The effects of FRP on the levels of (E) IgE, (F) LTB4, and (G) HIS in the serum of rats. All data are presented as X ¯ ± SD deviation (n = 6/n = 3). Compared with the Control group, ### P < 0.001; compared with the model group, * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: The levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE, SEKR-0019), LTB4 (CSB-E08035r, Cusabio, Wuhan, China), and HIS (E-EL-0032c) in serum were detected at a wavelength of 450 nm using a microplate reader.

Techniques: Immunohistochemical staining, Expressing, Control